Marx-Engels Collected Works/Volume 34

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Karl Marx Economic Works

Economic Manuscripts of 1861-64 (Conclusion)

A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy

Preface

xii

Notebooks XX to XXIII, pp. 1251-1427 and The Results of the Direct Process of Production.

I. The Production Process of Capital	7
3) Relative Surplus Value	8
γ) Machinery. Utilisation of the Forces of Nature and of Science (steam, electricity, mechanical and chemical agencies). Conclusion	8
Replacement of Labour by Machinery	8
Accumulation	11
h) Relative and Absolute Surplus Value	61
Ratio of Wages to Surplus Value	64
Converted Form of the Value of Labour Capacity in the Value or Price of Labour	70
Derived Formulae for the Ratio of Surplus Value to Variable Capital or of Surplus Labour to Necessary Labour	78
Addenda	86
[Intermezzo] Hume and Joseph Massie	89
i) Formal and Real Subsumption of Labour under Capital. Transitional Forms	93
The Real Subsumption of Labour under Capital	104
Transitional Forms	117
k) Productivity of Capital, productive and Unproductive Labour	121
Addenda	146
[Historical:] Petty	170
4) Reconversion of Surplus Value into Capital	178
a) Reconversion of Surplus Value into Capital	178
b) So-called Primitive Accumulation	243
Addenda	247
Capital. Book I. The Process of Production of Capital Volume I of Capital. Separate Pages of the Manuscript	339
Chapter Six. Results of the Direct Production Process	355
Ad 1) Commodities as the Product of Capital	355
Ad 2) Capitalist Production as the Production of Surplus Value	384
Ad 3) The Product of Capitalist Production Is Not Only Surplus Value, It Is Capital	461
Unplaced Footnotes	467

Illustrations

Page 1273 of Notebook XX of the Economic Manuscript of 1861-63	9
Page 1342 of Notebook XXI of the Economic Manuscript of 1861-63	163
Page 441 of the Economic Manuscript of 1863-64	357